Which category in 21 USC 812 has a high potential for abuse and is not medically accepted?

The correct choice is Schedule 1. This category is defined by the Controlled Substances Act as substances that have a high potential for abuse, have no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and lack accepted safety for use under medical supervision. Examples of Schedule 1 substances include drugs like heroin, LSD, and ecstasy.

This classification is significant because it reflects the degree of control and regulatory measures that are imposed on these substances, which are prohibited from being commercially distributed. The criteria for Schedule 1 denote a clear distinction from other schedules that may allow for some medical use or have a lower level of abuse potential.

In contrast, Schedule 2 substances are also considered to have a high potential for abuse, but they are recognized for having accepted medical uses, albeit with strict regulations. Schedules 3 and 4 include substances with progressively lower abuse potentials and, in some cases, accepted medical use.